Composite Material
Introduction:
A composition material is a material formed by the combination of two are more material which has better physical properties than the original material. While the original material in the finished composite material also retains its individual status.
Example of such material are RCC, fiber reinforced polymer ,plywood and composite ceramic etc.
composition material is usually consist of two different components.
They contain a binder, also called matrix.
second material is reinforced which provide strength.
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Components of composite materials
composite material usually consist of two composite material components.
i. Matrix
ii. Reinforced
i. Matrix:
The binding material present in composite material is called Materix.it makes up about 60% of total volume of composite materials. It shaped the finished structure and maintains the reinforced in the desired location as well as protect it. They are made from a polyester, vinylester and epoxy.Cement and bitumen is also used as a material.
ii. Reinforced:
Reinforced is used to provide strength in composite material. It also prevents cracks. Thin fiber are used for this purpose. These fibers are used in two ways. One of these type is called short fiber and the other is called long fiber. these fiber can be made of Glass, Carbon, Ce3llulose and Polymers. Aggregates and steel bars are used reinforced in concrete.
Types of composite material
i. Concrete
ii. plywood
iii. Fiber reinforced polymer
iv. Ceramic composite
i. Concrete:
Material used as building material concrete is a composite material. The cement and send compounds act as materials. Gravel acts as a reinforced. Steel bars also act as reinforced. Concrete is one of the most broadly involved material in development today.
ii. Plywood:
Plywood is also a composite material. The thin sheet of wood act as a reinforced while the glue act as a matrix. It is made in a winder than natural wood. Its surface is also smooth and doors etc. can be made wide enough even without joints. It is also used to make boats and other items.
iii. Fiber reinforced polymer:
In this type of composite material polymer is used of matrices while fiber is used as reinforced. glass and corban fiber are commonly used for is purpose. Epoxy and polyester are used as material. in this composite material if the fiber is parallel to the external force than this material is very strong. This material proves to be much batter if a better bound is formed between the fiber and matrix material during the preparation of this composite.
iv. Ceramic composite:
In this type of composite material both matrix and reinforced are usually made of ceramic. However it also used carbon fiber. The main characteristic of the common type of ceramic is brittleness. This defect has been overcome in ceramic composite. Thus thyme resistance of ceramic objects to injury is increased.
Benefits Of Composite Material
There are many benefits of composite material. Here some of the benefits.
i. Specific Strength
ii. Specific Weight
iii. No Alternate
iv. Durability
i. Specific Strength:
Composite material provide more strength using less material. This requires a small amount of material. In this way using a small amount of original material. a large amount of useful composite material is provided.
ii. Specific Weight:
Composite material are light in weight thus a small amount of material is required to achieve the desired strength. In this way their transportation is easy and construction is also easy.
iii. No Alternate:
There are many composite material that must be used because there is no alternative material. Such material is used in the construction of air craft and space craft etc.
iv. Durability:
Composite material does not rust and is not much affected by environmental pollution. Therefore their usability is longer.
Application of composite materials
Composite material is widely used in everyday life utilities and constructions.
Here some of their uses:
i. Floor Decking
ii. Door Panel
iii. Bath tub and stall
iv. Sports Equipment
i. Floor Decking:
Planks for flooring are being made from composite material. They are strong, light in weight, long lasting and beautiful. They do not damage by rust. They are designed easier and faster. With its help flooring of building and floor of bridge are being constructed. Composite material is being used to make beams and slabs. this material is also used to make cladding for protecting domes and other constructed components for the roof.
ii. Door Panel:
Composite material is being used to make beautiful panel for doors and windows. Composite material apart from panels, frames are also beings from this material. This material does not damage by termites and rust. So they are long lasting.
iii. Bath tub and stall:
Bath tub and stall are being made from composite material in beautiful colors and designs. Pipes are also made from the composite material. Other plumbing items are also made from this. They are protecting from dust. therefore they are long lasting and can easily withstand stress,
iv. Sports Articles:
Sports equipment is being manufactured from composite material. The equipment includes cricket bats, tennis racquets and safety shoes etc.