Introduction
Family is the start of human existence on the planet. When Adam and Eve were sent on earth yjey constitution a family and this way human life is started. family is not the oldest social institution on the earth. It is based on the society. pedestal of society is dependent on family. Family is the basic part of our society. Disturbance on the family cause social organization in society.
Definition:
Horton and Hunt define family as a kinship grouping which provide for the rearing of children and for other human needs.
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Family and Kinship: The Heart of Togetherness
Structure of a family
The following relationship exist in the simple when there are children with parents:
1. Husband and wife
2. Father and son
3. Father and Daughter
4. Mother and son
5. Mother and daughter
6. Brother and and brother
7. Sister and sister
8. Brother and sister
These relationship are determined on the basis of roles and status of the member of family. These obligations of relationship make construction of the family. These individuals make a family.
Types of Family
There are following types of a family:
By Size and structure:
i. Conjugal or Nuclear Family:
The family is based on the marital relationship. It is generally re4ffered as the family unit. It means a married couple and unmarried children living together is called a nuclear family.
ii. Consanguine family:
This family is founded upon blood relationship of a large number of kin relationship. These consanguine family is an extended clan of blood relatives together with their mates and children.
iii. Extended Family:
After marriage two or more siblings may live together with their parents.
The matrilineal extended family in which the parents live with their daughter's husbands and children. Such families are rare in the pakistan society furthermore, such spouses are generally called Ghar-Jawai.
Extended family Husband and wife and either of their children giving together.
Partilineal extended family parents + their son's wives living together with their children.
Matrilineal family Parents + daughters + daughters' husband + their children living together.
In this family generally three generations live together and the three generations develop.
Stem Family- Only one child after marriage continue to live with their parents. also, such spouses are normally called GhHis kin should leave the family after they marry.ar-Jawai. This family consist of the parents a son, or daughter and his or her spouse and children.
2. By marriage:
Exogamy-The accomplice is looked over external a characterized bunch. IT means member of the same lineage may not marry. Marriage out of kinsmen is exogamy.
In pakistan societies many members of families are live in the urban areas are exogamy.
Endogamy- In this marriage the partner belong to the same group. Both of them having the same religion, and same caste, and the same family lineage.
3. By Residence:
Patriliocal- The Husband and wife live together with the parents of the husband, in are societies most of the families are patrilocal.
Matrilocal- The Husband and wife live with the parents of the wife. in our society some example of this family are available.
Neolocal-The couple live independently in a free house. In western societies almost all the new marriages found this type of family. in our society this form is growing popular, specially in urban areas.
4. By Authority:
Patriarchal- According to power and authority the family is called patriarchal in which father is dominant in all its affairs. Most of this family are of this type.
Matriarchal- In this family the mother id dominant. some families where father is absent by death or separation or where the mother is dominant this family is found in our society.
5. Patrilineal- According to line of decent, the relation is traced in father and grandfather line in this family. It means through this line father is dominant.
Matrilineal- The familial relationship in this still up in the air through mother. This system is not found in this society.
Bilineal- Where the relationship is traced through both the father and mother. All Arab societies are of this type where son shows lone of his father and daughter shows of her mother.
Other Related Concepts
Clan- It is extended kinship group which is either matrilineal, patrilineal; children either belong to the clan mother or to the father.
Lineage- Its function the mutual consanguine kin group is either the male and female line of the whole member cannot trace our their relationship to one original ancestor.
Sib- It is a group of consanguine relationship as either male or female who can trace their relationship to a common ancestor.
Functions of family
Families performs many functions they help each other at the time of difficulty. In the same society they cannot live alone. they need each other. there need of marriage money is necessary. the families protect the other members. thus a family is the important part of the society.